The stock exchange market in the UK Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

The stock exchange market in the UK - Essay Example This observance is furthered by the fact that the stock market in UK is weak-form efficient, while some capital market studies have called the stock exchange more towards being semi-strong-form efficient. Smith (2004) by studying the grain futures market pointed towards semi-strong form efficiency of the stock exchange because of the release of large trader position information. Further studies have compared the share prices after the takeover announcement with the bid offer. It was found that the share prices immediately adjusted to the correct levels.   Hence the study concluded that the stock market in the United Kingdom was semi-strong-form efficient.It must however be remembered that the market's ability to efficiently respond to an event like a takeover announcement which is widely publicized and short term in nature does not reflect on the market’s efficiency as is related to long term factors. David Dreman has pointed out that an instantaneous response is not always an efficient one and that the long-term performance of the stock market also needs to be considered before labeling a market efficient.The efficient-market hypothesis (EMH) states that the financial markets are "information efficient". As a result of this efficiency based on information, it is impossible to achieve constant returns that are greater than the average market returns, given the information that is available at the time of the investment.The advent of industrial revolution brought about the growth of a growing affluent merchant class.

The Importance of the Mare in Anton Chekhov’s Misery Essay -- Anton Ch

The Importance of the Mare in Misery  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚   Iona Potapov, the main character in Anton Chekhov’s short story, "Misery," is yearning for someone to listen to his woes. Every human he comes in contact with blatantly ignores his badly-needed-to-tell-story by either shunning him or falling asleep. There is, however, one character in this story that would willingly listen to Iona, a character who is with Iona through almost the entire story. This character is his mare. Renato Poggioli describes the story as being built "around two motionless figures, an animal and a man" (316). Iona and the mare are very much alike. They appear to be each other’s only companion, and they also act a lot alike. When Iona sits quietly, covered in snow that has recently fallen on him, his little mare is described as "white and motionless too" (17). Neither man nor mare cares move; both are still, frozen in time, waiting. Another example of the similar behavior between the two occurs when "the sledge driver clicks to the horse, cranes his neck like a swan. The mare cranes her neck, too" (18). As the story opens Iona sits in his sleigh desperately waiting for his first fare, and when that fare arrives he immediately starts to talk of his son’s death (18). Although his best possible friend – the mare – is already present to listen to his story, Iona does not come to this realization until much later in the story. At the beginning, he still believes that what he needs, and will be able to find, is another human being with whom to share his woes. The fare’s response to Iona’s story is, "have you gone cracked, you old dog? Look where you are going" (18). Iona, upset at this, continues to look around at the fare, in hopes of starting his story o... ... no longer keep silence about the death of his son. He speaks to the air, and the mare is listening. She doesn’t shun him, abuse him, or ignore him. She just listens, as any good animal would do. Works Cited Beck, Alan, M., and Aaron Honoria Katcher. "Animal Companions: More Companion Than Animal." Man and Beast Revisited. Ed. Michael H. Robinson and Lionel Tiger. Washington: Smithsonian P, 1991. 265-66. Chekhov, Anton. "Misery." The Harper Anthology of Fiction. Ed. Sylvan Barnet. New York: HarperCollins, 1991. 17-21. Hildebrandt, Sherri. "Another Kind of Grief." St. Paul Pioneer Press 13 Sept. 1998: 1-4. Poggioli, Renato. "Storytelling in a Double Key." Anton Chekhov’s Short Stories. Ed. Ralph E. Matlaw. New York: W.W. Norton & Co., 1979. 316-317. Royal Bank of Canada. "Pets and Human Beings." Montreal: Royal Bank Letter, July/Aug. 1989.   

Integrated HR Solution with Payroll Software Leave

Having a proper HR solution is a key task for the HR executives to manage their employees. The primary job of HR manager is to manage employee's daily attendance, i. e. the employee's every day Time IN & Time OUT. There are various ways for it. Traditionally the companies using manual punch card machine, later proximity card system / barcode card system was in place. But still there was a problem of buddy punching (making proxy attendance for other employees). To address the issue Biometric Fingerprint system has introduced which is very fast / accurate & efficient. Once employee's time in  & out timing captured by any type of machine then it has to be linked to a Time Attendance Software to generate the useful attendance reports. Those calculated attendance details needs to be linked to payroll software for the employee salary calculation. In addition to that there is a need to maintain employee leaves like annual leave, medical leave, unpaid leave, etc†¦ If a HR manager has all the above solutions with different vendors / different platform then it will be very difficult to maintain and operate. There will be lot of hiccups to integrate the different software's and more importantly being the database is not integrated the newly join / resign employee details need to be entered multiple times in different software’s. So it very efficient and cost effective to have an integrated HR solution which comprises of fingerprint time recorders (preferably), time attendance, leave, Payroll & HR software's. Fingerprint Time Recorder: It is very efficient to have a fingerprint time recorders to track the employees attendance instead of having manual punch card. The biggest advantage of using the fingerprint system is the employees can't do the buddy punching (making proxy attendance for other employees). Usually in most of the fingerprint time recorder, Up to 3 fingers per employee can be registered. While doing attendance the employee can use any one of the finger to do clocking. The purpose of registering 3 fingerprints is if any one finger has problem due to injured / cut / dirty then the employee can use alternative finger. So it is better to have a fingerprint time recorder with higher capacity. Usually the time recorder will have the capacity of 500 / 3000 / 5000 fingerprint templates. It takes about one second to verify the employee finger, once verified the employee id, Date & time will be recorder into the device internal memory. Also it is good to have a device which can store more records. In general most of the fingerprint time recorder can store 20,000 / 30,000 / 50,000 records. Once the records reach the limit the new record will automatically overwrite the very first record. Those records can be downloaded to the Time Attendance Software via built-in Network card or via Thumb Drive. Time Attendance Software: Information from fingerprint time recorder can be transferred to the Time Attendance Software which will calculate the useful information like Lateness, Overtime, allowances, etc†¦ A good time attendance software should have the option for different shift patterns, Supports unlimited rotation duty roster, Auto-shift feature (System auto-assign working hours group based on IN time), Flexible working hours feature, Scheduling working hour's group feature (No fixed working pattern) Companies are paying daily allowances like shift allowance, meal allowance, transport allowance to the employees based on some conditions. For an example a company may like to pay $5 for night shift workers or a company may like to pay $2 who is working more than 5 hours of overtime. So the time attendance software should have all the above features. Good software should come with nicely designed useful reports like Daily attendance report, Individual attendance report, consolidated reports which consolidates the late comers, Early Leavers, Absents & missed out punching, Lateness summary report and Working hour's summary report. Payroll Software:  Payroll software is the one which computes the employee salaries. A well written payroll software should have the below options. The employee may be paid by hourly rate / daily rate/ monthly fixed basis. Other than the employee basic salary, the employee's overtime, daily allowances needs to be linked from the time attendance software. The employee may have some additions or deductions in every month salary like advance payment, medical claim, special allowance, etc†¦ And the employee unpaid leave, lateness & early leaving needs to be deducted from his salary. Different countries have their own computation for taxation & provident funds. So the payroll system should comply with the local government regulation for salary calculation. Finally the payroll should able to generate a pay-slip for individual employee with all his salary details which can be printed in an A4 size paper or sealed pay-slip paper. And payroll software must have useful reports like, Monthly Salary Summary Report, Overtime Payment Report, Taxation Report, Yearly Summary Report, and Monthly Reconciliation Report. Leave Module: A leave module either can be built in with the payroll system or it can be a separate Electronic Leave Application Portal. Leave Module built-in with payroll system: The HR Executive needs to update the employees Annual Leave, Medical Leave, Unpaid Leave, Maternity Leave, etc in to the system manually. Electronic Leave Module: The employee can apply their leaves electronically online via web browser. Those applied leaves can be approved by respective approving officers via online. This is paperless, convenient fast & easy. A good leave system should have the option to set Leave Eligibility for different group of employees and the Annual leave & Medical Leave earned until today should be prorated automatically. There must be an option to carry forward the balance annual leave to the next year. And the leave module should have the useful reports like Leave History & Leave consolidate report to view all kind of leaves taken.

Weighing the Evidence Was Cleopatra Black

That Cleopatra was an African queen is certain—Egypt is, after all, in Africa—but was Cleopatra black? Cleopatra VII is usually just known as Cleopatra, though she was the seventh royal Egyptian ruler to bear the name Cleopatra. She was the last of the Ptolemy dynasty to rule Egypt. She, like many other Ptolemy rulers, first married one brother and then, on his death, another. When her third husband, Julius Caesar, took Cleopatra back to Rome with him, she certainly caused a sensation. But did the color of her skin have anything to do with the controversy? Theres no record of any reaction to the color of her skin. In whats called the argument from silence, many conclude from that silence that she did not have dark-colored skin. But an argument from silence only indicates possibility, not certainty, especially because we have little record of the motivation for those reactions. Depictions of Cleopatra in Popular Culture Shakespeare uses the word tawny about Cleopatra—but Shakespeare wasnt exactly an eyewitness, missing meeting Egypts last Pharaoh by more than a millennium. In some Renaissance art, Cleopatra is portrayed as dark-skinned, a negress in the terminology of that time. But those artists were also not eyewitnesses, and their artistic interpretation may have been based on trying to depict Cleopatras otherness, or their own assumptions or conclusions about Africa and Egypt. In modern depictions, Cleopatra has been played by white actresses including Vivien Leigh,  Claudette Colbert, and  Elizabeth Taylor. But the writers of those movies were, of course, also not eyewitnesses, nor are these casting decisions in any sense credible evidence.  However, seeing these actresses in these roles may subtly influence what assumptions people have about what Cleopatra really looked like. Are Egyptians Black? Europeans and Americans became quite focused on the racial classification of Egyptians in the 19th century. While scientists and most scholars have by now concluded that race is not the static biological category that 19th century thinkers assumed, many of the theories around whether the Egyptians were a black race assume race is a biological category, not a social construction.   It is during the 19th century that attempts to classify the Egyptians into what were assumed to be the key races were common.  Whether other people of nearby lands—Jews and Arabs, for example—were white or Caucasians rather than Negroid was also part of this argument.  Some argued for a separate brown race or Mediterranean race. Some scholars (notably  Cheikh Anta Diop, a Pan-Africanist from Senegal) have argued for a sub-Saharan black African heritage of the Egyptians. Their conclusions are based on such arguments as the Biblical name Ham and the naming of Egypt as kmt or the black land. Other scholars point out that the association of the Biblical figure of Ham with dark-skinned sub-Saharan Africans, or a black race, is relatively recent in history, and that the black land name for Egypt has long been held to be about the black soil that is part of the phenomenon of Nile flooding. The most commonly accepted theory, outside the Black Egyptian theory of Diop and others, is whats known as the Dynastic Race Theory, developed out of research in the 20th century. In this theory, the indigenous people of Egypt, Badarian people, were invaded and overrun by Mesopotamian people, early in Egypts history.  The Mesopotamian people became the rulers of the state, for most of the dynasties of Egypt. Was Cleopatra Egyptian?   If Cleopatra was Egyptian in heritage, if she was descended from native Egyptians, then the heritage of Egyptians in general is relevant to the question of whether Cleopatra was black. If Cleopatras heritage was not Egyptian, then the arguments about whether Egyptians were black are irrelevant to her own blackness. What Do We Know About Cleopatras Ancestry? The Ptolemy dynasty, of which Cleopatra was the last ruler, was descended from a  Greek Macedonian named Ptolemy Soter. That first Ptolemy was established as ruler of Egypt by Alexander the Greats conquest of Egypt in 305 B.C.E. In other words, the Ptolemies were imperialist outsiders, Greeks, who ruled over native Egyptians. Many of the Ptolemy ruling family marriages were incestuous, with brothers marrying sisters, but not all the children born in the Ptolemy line and who are ancestors of Cleopatra VII are known to have had both father and mother who were Ptolemies. Here is the key evidence in this argument: We are not certain of the heritage of Cleopatras mother or her paternal grandmother. We just dont know for sure who those women were. Historical records are not conclusive of what their ancestry is or what land they come from. That leaves 50% to 75% of Cleopatras ancestry and genetic heritage unknown—and ripe for speculation.   Is there any evidence that either her mother or paternal grandmother was a black African? No.   Is there any evidence that either of those women were not black Africans? No, again. There are theories and speculation, based on sparse evidence, but no certainty where either of these women came from or what might be, in nineteenth century terms, their racial heritage. Who Was Cleopatras Father? The father of Cleopatra VII was Ptolemy XII Auletes, son of Ptolemy IX. Through his male line, Cleopatra VII was of Macedonian Greek descent.  But we know that heritage is also from mothers. Who was his mother and who was the mother of his daughter Cleopatra VII, the last Pharaoh of Egypt? Standard Genealogy of Cleopatra VII In one standard genealogy of Cleopatra VII, questioned by some scholars, Cleopatra VIIs parents are Ptolemy XII and Cleopatra V, both children of Ptolemy IX.  Ptolemy XIIs mother is Cleopatra IV and Cleopatra Vs mother is Cleopatra Selene I, both full sisters of their husband, Ptolemy IX.  In this scenario, Cleopatra VIIs great-grandparents are Ptolemy VIII and Cleopatra III. Those two are full siblings, children of Ptolemy VI of Egypt and Cleopatra II, who are also full siblings—with still more intermarriages of full siblings back to the first Ptolemy.  In this scenario, Cleopatra VII has Macedonian Greek heritage, with little contribution from any other heritage for generations.  (The numbers are an addition from later scholars, not present in the lifetimes of these rulers, and may obscure some ambiguities in the records.) In another standard genealogy, Ptolemy XIIs mother is a Greek concubine and Cleopatra Vs mother is Cleopatra IV, not Cleopatra Selene I.  Cleopatra VIs parents are Ptolemy VI and Cleopatra II rather than Ptolemy VIII and Cleopatra III. The ancestry, in other words, is open to interpretation based on how one views the available evidence. Cleopatras Paternal Grandmother Some scholars conclude that Cleopatras paternal grandmother, mother of Ptolemy XII,  was not Cleopatra IV, but was a concubine. That womans background has been assumed to be either Alexandrian or Nubian. She may have been ethnically Egyptian, or she may have had a heritage which wed today call black. Cleopatras Mother Cleopatra V Cleopatra VIIs mother is usually identified as her fathers sister, Cleopatra V, a royal wife. Mention of Cleopatra Tryphaena, or Cleopatra V, disappear from the record around the time that Cleopatra VII was born.   Cleopatra V, while often identified as a younger daughter of Ptolemy VIII and Cleopatra III, may not have been the daughter of a royal wife.  If this scenario is accurate, Cleopatra VIIs maternal grandmother may be another Ptolemy relative or someone unknown, perhaps of a concubine of Egyptian or Semitic African or black African background. Cleopatra V, if she died before Cleopatra VII was born, would not be her mother. In that case, Cleopatra VIIs mother would likely have been either a Ptolemy relative, or, again, someone unknown, who might have been of Egyptian, Semitic African, or black African heritage. The record is simply not conclusive as to the ancestry of either Cleopatra VIIs mother or maternal grandmother.  The women may have been Ptolemies, or they may have been of either black African or Semitic African heritage. Race: What Is It and What Was It in Antiquity? Complicating such discussions is the fact that race itself is a complex issue, with unclear definitions. Race is a social construct, rather than a biological reality. In the classical world, difference was more about ones national heritage and homeland, rather than something wed today call race. Theres certainly evidence that Egyptians defined as other and less those who were not Egyptians.  Did skin color play a part in identifying other at the time, or did Egyptians believe in the heritability of an otherness of skin color?  Theres little evidence that skin color was more than a marker of difference, that skin color was conceived of in the way that 18th and 19th century Europeans came to conceive of race. Cleopatra Spoke Egyptian We do have early evidence that Cleopatra was the first ruler in her family to actually speak the native Egyptian language, rather than the Greek of the Ptolemies.  Such could be evidence for an Egyptian ancestry, and could possibly but not necessarily include black African ancestry. The language she spoke doesnt add or subtract any real weight from an argument about black African ancestry. She might have learned the language for political reasons or just from exposure to servants and an ability to pick up language. Evidence Against a Black Cleopatra: Incomplete Perhaps the strongest evidence cited against Cleopatra having black ancestry is that the Ptolemy family was quite xenophobic—against outsiders including the native Egyptians they ruled for about 300 years. This was more as a continuation of Egyptian custom among rulers than it was racial prejudice—if daughters married within the family, then loyalty was not divided. But its not likely that those 300 years passed with only pure heritage—and, in fact, we can be skeptical that either Cleopatras mother and father had mothers who were of pure Macedonian Greek ancestry. Xenophobia could also account for active cover-up or simply omitting mention of any other ancestry than Macedonian Greek. Evidence for a Black Cleopatra: Flawed Unfortunately, the modern proponents of the Black Cleopatra theory—starting with J. A. Rogers in Worlds Great Men of Color in the 1940s—have made other obvious errors in defending the thesis (Rogers is confused about who Cleopatras father was, for instance). They make other claims (like that Cleopatras brother, whom Rogers thinks is her father, had obvious black features) without evidence. Such errors and unsubstantiated claims dont add strength to their argument. A BBC documentary, Cleopatra: Portrait of a Killer, looks at a skull which might be from a sister of Cleopatra—or rather, the documentary looks at the reconstruction of a skull, since no actual skull was found in the tomb—to show features which have similarities to both Semitic and Bantu skulls. Their conclusion was that Cleopatra could have had black African ancestry—but that is not conclusive evidence that she did  have such ancestry. Conclusions: More Questions Than Answers Was Cleopatra black? Its a complicated question, with no sure answer. It is likely that Cleopatra had ancestry other than pure Macedonian Greek. Was it black African? We dont know. Can we say for sure it was not? No. Was her skin color very dark? Probably not.

Thomas Jeffersons Presidential Legacy Essay - 1068 Words

Thomas Jeffersons Presidential Legacy Thomas Jefferson, our third president, was born in 1743 in Virginia. He studied at William and Mary and then read the law. In 1772, he married a widow lady, Martha Skelton and he took her to live at his partially completed home at Monticello, the plantation consisting of approximately 5,000 acres that he inherited from his father. Mr. Jefferson was considered to be a gifted writer, but he was not a public speaker. He wrote his support for the patriotic cause in the House of Burgesses and the Continental congresses but he did not give any speeches. He was a silent member, and as such, drafted the Declaration of Independence. He became the first Secretary of State under George Washington, but†¦show more content†¦The landmark case of Marbury v Madison involved William Marbury and James Madison. After his defeat in 1800, then President Adams appointed as many federalist judges to the court system as possible, but the commissions were not delivered. Mr. Marbury was appointed as a Justice of the Peace for the District of Columbia; James Madison tried to use his power as Secretary of State to shelve Mr. Marburys commission. Mr. Marbury sued in the Supreme Court for the delivery of the commission and based his appeal on the Judiciary Act of 1789. However, Chief Justice Marshall dismissed the suit, explaining that the Judiciary Act of 1789 was unconstitutional because it attempted to assign powers to the Supreme Court that the Constitution had not foreseen. He adamantly asserted his opinion that the Constitution embodied a higher law than regular legislation. Chief Justice Marshall stated that it is emphatically the province and duty of the judicial department to say what the law is#8230; His decision greatly increased the authority of the Supreme Court; the Court now had the final say-so in the interpretation of the Constitution and to determine the constitutionality of a law. Just a few months later, in May 1804, Jefferson completed one of the largest land transactions in history. He purchased the entire Louisiana Territory, consisting of more than 800,000 square miles, from Napoleon for $15 millionsShow MoreRelatedThomas Jefferson Was The Second President Of The United States Of America1671 Words   |  7 PagesThomas Jefferson was the third president of The United States of America and one of the most influential founding fathers in American history. Thomas was born in Shadwell in Albemarle County, Virginia in 1743. His father Peter Jefferson was a well respected planter in Virginia. Not much is said about Jefferson s early life due to the Shadwell fire. The Shadwell fire destroyed many of Jefferson s person recollections in 1770 leaving much of his early history and his development into an AmericanRead MoreThe Declaration Of Independence And The Second President Of The United States Of America1656 Words   |  7 PagesThomas Jefferson, writer of th e Declaration of Independence and the third president of the United States of America, was born on April 13, 1743. The future president was born to the parents of Peter Jefferson, a well-known and successful planter, and Jane Randolph, a prominent member of a very well-known and distinguished Virginian family. Jefferson was the third of ten children who were raised on the Shadwell slave plantation in Virginia. 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They are as follows: George Washington, John and Abigale Adams, James Madison, Thomas Jefferson, Arron Burr, Alexander Hamilton, and Benjamin Franklin. In this book there’s 7 sections, each showing a different problem, which Ellis tries to explain in a neutral perspective using both foresight and hindsight. He tries to show the senseRead MoreThe Presidency of James Madison1497 Words   |  6 Pages President James Madison held the white house office from 1808-1816. During his tenure he had to deal with the ramifications of his policies from when he was Secretary of State under Thomas Jefferson and The War of 1812. These two major points are what shaped most of his presidential terms. It was his second term that helped with the postwar expansion of America and the split in the Democratic Party system. It was also during his second term that he helped America gain it’s economic independenceRead MoreThe Founding Fathers : Virginia1589 Words   |  7 PagesMadison’s career in the White House began when he was chosen as President Jefferson’s Secretary of State in 1800. His primary focus in this position was to carry out foreign policies through the State Department and the Foreign Service of the United States (â€Å"James Madison’s Biography†). In 1803, Madison played a major role in the Louisiana Purchase, the land deal that America worked to neg otiate with France. He and Thomas Jefferson worked together to resolve the crisis with Spain by deciding thatRead MoreA Birth Of A Legend1663 Words   |  7 Pagesless known candidate who offered free Whisky to the voters. Though, he became a member of Virginia Council of State which was in charge of state affairs during the Revolutionary War. During his position in Virginia Council of State he met his mentor, Thomas Jefferson, governor of Virginia. He worked hard with Jefferson to design a better law for the colonies; one of them was Freedom of Religion. His unprecedented effort on freedom of religion and secularism made him fight against a law mandating religious

Intimate Partner Violence Against Women - 1103 Words

Introduction This section will discuss the topic intimate partner violence against women as discussed by other scholars and authors. Various books will be analyzed to understand the topic better. The section will also explain the main issues independently analyzing different literature and will also discuss the similarities and differences. The issue has emanated a lot of public concern as more young women continue to suffer in silence with the fear of speaking out against their partners. Some women, however, are courageous and have opted to speak about the issue in public without fear of being judged or criticized. Careful analysis of the different books will help to determine the different perspectives that different authors understand†¦show more content†¦Children who are particularly exposed to intimate partner violence since birth tend to practice it more than those that experience it occasionally. Low self-esteem can also be a cause that leads to IPV. Some people feel that they are looked down upon, and they find violence as the only means that they can show domination. They use violence to oppress others and make them feel worthless. Through this, they either assault their partners verbally, physically or sexually. Depression can also be attributed to IPV as some partners suffer from it and make violence the only way that they can relieve themselves. After engaging in violence, they may tend to feel better, and they do not care about the effect their actions have on their partner. The other issue of IPV is the effects that it has on individuals. There have been several reported cases of people that have suffered from IPV, and the effects are not pleasing. One of the effects that are associated with IPV is physical trauma where a person suffers from bruises, broken hands, legs, jaws, or loss of teeth (Chan, 2012). When IPV takes place, the person doing it does not care about their partner and hits them with anything that they can come across. They may use sticks, knives, or kick them or fight them with their fists (Varcarolis, Hatler, 2013). Whichever method is used usually result in physical trauma for the person. Death is also an effect of IPV as people may suffer be

General Certificate of Education Ordinary Level Free Essays

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST If you have been given an Answer Booklet, follow the instructions on the front cover of the Booklet. Write your Centre number, candidate number and name on all the work you hand in. Write in dark blue or black pen. We will write a custom essay sample on General Certificate of Education Ordinary Level or any similar topic only for you Order Now Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid. NB: Remember that Section 1 and Section 2 of this paper are worth the same number of marks, so you should divide your time carefully between them. Answer both Section 1 and Section 2. At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together. This document consists of 3 printed pages and 1 blank page. DC (CW) 45353/2  © UCLES 2012 [Turn over 2 Section 1: Directed Writing You are advised to write between 200 and 300 words. Total marks for this part: 30. Task Your best friend, who is a popular member of your class and the captain of the sports club, is leaving your school to move overseas. On your friend’s last day at school you have been asked by your teacher, Mr. Johnson, to make a speech to your classmates wishing your friend goodbye and good luck. Write your speech. You must include the following: †¢ †¢ †¢ the name of your riend and where your friend is going why your friend is moving what you and your classmates will miss about your friend. Cover all three points above in detail. You should make sure your speech is friendly and contains wishes for a successful future. Start your speech, ‘Mr. Johnson and friends†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢  © UCLES 2012 1123/11/M/J/12 3 Section 2: Creative Writing Begin your answer on a fresh page. Write on one of the following topics. At the head of your essay put the number of the topic you have chosen. You are advised to write between 350 and 500 words. Total marks for this part: 30. 1 Describe some of the different members of the crowd present at an entertainment event. (Remember that you are describing the people and not telling the story of the event. ) 2 ‘Young people should obey their elders without question. ’ What is your view? 3 Write a story which includes the sentence: ‘You want me to lead the group but I don’t think I have the right qualities. ’ 4 Promises. 5 Write about an occasion when a group of neighbours turned against a local official.  © UCLES 2012 1123/11/M/J/12 4 BLANK PAGE Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity. University of Cambridge International Examinations is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is itself a department of the University of Cambridge. How to cite General Certificate of Education Ordinary Level, Papers